| Penulis/Author |
Prof. Dr. drg. Widowati Siswomihardjo, M.S. (1); Prof. dr. Marsetyawan Heparis Nur Ekandaru, M.Sc., Ph.D. (2); Prof. Ir. Alva Edy Tontowi, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU., ASEAN Eng. (3) |
| Abstrak/Abstract |
Bone fracture fixation device have been using rigid metallic materials such as titanium, titanium - alloy or cobalt chrome. Besides having some advantages, as the titanium fixation devices also have disadvantages such as strength and stiffness is too high, continuously stimulate the bone causing bone atrophy under the plate, further disrupting the growth of bones, especially in children. Another deficiency of this metal material is sensitive to temperature changes and the spread of metal ions in several organs. Some of these shor tcomings led to the need for a secondary operation. Bone fracture fixation device can be absorbed by the body such as the poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) as well as show some advantages, it also has some drawbacks due to the high crystalline products during the degradation process. Lactic acid monomer released after degradation cause of cellular response at the implant site, which facilitates the release of chemical mediators such as prostaglandine by fibroblasts and macrophages as a cause of bone resorption. Therefore, in this study wanted to develop the use of other polymeric materials have good biocompatibility and mechanical strength appropriate to have a bone fracture fixation devices that can be absorbed by the body, such as Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Previous research suggests that the PVA - HA composite with catgut reinforced has sufficient and stable mechanical strength as bone fracture fixation material. The purpose of this study is to know whether the PVA- HA composite with catgut reinforced has good biocompatibility without toxicity and hypersensitivity effects in experimental animals.Biocompatibility testing include local cytotoxicity and type IV contact hypersensitivity test. This type of research is experimental in vivo laboratory using wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) . Testing is done through two phases, induction or sensitization phase is by rubbing PVA - HA composite with catgut reinforced ointment puder on the ears that lasts up to 10 days. After being rested for 3 days, followed by a second phase contact (elicitation) on day 14 and observed in the period of 24, 48, and 72 hours. Observations were made macroscopically and ear thickness was measured with a micrometer. Local toxicity testing is done by implantation of PVA - HA composite with catgut reinforced on the back catgut wistar rats. Furthermore, in a certain time period, the implant material is opened and examined and observed histologically under a light microscope. The results showed no discoloration or induration on animal ears in all treatment and control groups on the sensitization and the elicitation phase. One way ANOVA statistical test showed that there were no significant differences in the results of measurements of the thickness of the wistar rats ears from all treatment groups before and after treatment on measures 24, 48 and 72 hours (? >0.05). Microscopic examination showed no infiltration of acute inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, basophils or eusinofil and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration such as macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells. It can be concluded that the PVA-HA composite with catgut reinforced is a material that does not cause toxicity and hypersensitivity in experimental animals, thus potentially be used as bone fractures fixation material. |
