| Abstrak/Abstract |
Curcumin, a diarylheptanoid, is the active compound isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma species. Curcumin can modulate mechanisms in inflammatory-related immunomodulatory. Inflammation caused by microbial infection and tissue damage is an essential mechanism of the innate immune response. In contrast, chronic and uncontrolled inflammation often results in severe tissue damage resulting in the pathogenicity of an exaggerated immune response. Macrophages are crucial cellular components of innate immunity and the host's defense against foreign molecules. For this reason, this review aims to assess the role of curcumin and its derivatives in the innate immune response of macrophage cells. Curcumin modulates innate immune and inflammatory response by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasomes, nuclear factor-kappa B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Janus kinase1/2‐signal transducer and activator of transcription protein1 signaling pathway. Curcumin as an anti-inflammatory inhibits inflammation mediators release such as cytokines, nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and others. This review found that curcumin's thiol-reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups play a critical role in the anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, curcumin derivatives mainly modify the structure by retaining the thiol-reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups. This review also discusses the effect of structure and formula modification of curcumin in the immune response of macrophages cells. Thus, the brief information provided in this review investigates the role of curcumin and its derivates in macrophage cells.
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