| Abstrak/Abstract |
Mini screw orthodontics is an instrument which is used in orthodontic treatment for some cases that require absolute anchorage. Available mini screws are made of nickel titanium or stainless steel alloy which in some patients may cause a reaction to the tissues. Implantation test is a test performed to determine the biocompatibility of medical devices that are directly contacted to the living tissue. Tissue response to injury after implantation affects the degree of formation of granulation tissue, foreign body reaction, and fibrosis. The aim of this study is to determine the local effect of implantation of cobalt chromium as an alternative material for mini screw orthodontic against the subcutaneous tissue of albino rabbits. The subjects of study were 20 male albino rabbits divided into two
groups (treatment and negative control groups). Cobalt chromium was made in the form of discs with 10 mm in diameter
and 1 mm in thickness. In the treatment group, the material was implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of the dorsum
of the rabbits with an incision to form a subcutaneous pocket. The pocket base was not more than 10 mm from the initial line of incision then suturing was performed. The control group only had incision then sutured to maintain aseptic conditions. Macroscopically 24 hours after implantation, the implant area was observed related to the occurrence of oedema, haematoma, encapsulation, and signs of inflammation. The evaluation on day 14 post-implantation shows the histopathologic changes observed by the infiltration of inflammatory cells types. The average of the results was analyzed using independent sample t-test. The results of the macroscopic observation show that the treatment and control group were only seen as mild inflammatory signs included erythema. The mean and standard deviation of the amount of PMN, lymphocyte, plasma cells, macrophage, giant cell, neovascularization, and fibrosis from cobalt chromium and control groups were (0.6 ± 0.49; 0.7 ± 0.48); (0.9 ± 0.87; 1.0 ± 0.67); (0.6 ± 0.24; 0.6 ± 0.21); (1.4 ± 0.84; 0.9 ± 0.74); (0.5 ±0.27; 0); (0.6 ± 0.33; 0.7 ± 0.48); (0.5 ± 0.27; 0.1 ± 0.02). The results of t-test show a significant difference in giant cell (p<0.05), while the six others did not (p>0.05). The conclusion of this study is that the cobalt chromium alloy can affect the subcutaneous tissue by inducing giant cell infiltration on day 14 post-implantation as the result of foreign body reactions. |
