| Abstrak/Abstract |
Hypoglycemia is a dangerous, life-threatening condition affecting various populations, specifically diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The condition has been reported to be influenced by several factors, such as gender, age, and body mass index (BMI). However, previous studies exploring these factors have yielded varying results, indicating the need for further investigations. This study aimed to identify factors contributing to hypoglycemia among DM patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The study procedures were carried out using PRISMA 2020 statement review reporting standards. In addition, a literature search was performed on four databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Crossref, using Publish or Perish version 8 software. After the search, a total of 12 original articles were obtained based on the eligibility criteria. The results showed that eight factors significantly contributed to incidence of hypoglycemia, including elderly (OR 11.05; CI95%: 9.20-13.27), insulin use (OR 5.60; CI95%: 4.66-6.74), uncontrolled blood glucose (OR 4.07; CI95%: 3.41-4.85), have history of hypoglycemia (OR 3.52; CI95%: 2.27-5.45), overweight/obese (OR 2.63; CI95%: 1.89-3.64), sulfonylurea use (OR 1.98; CI95%: 1.37-2.85), longer DM duration (OR 1.29; CI95%: 1.20-1.38), and male gender (OR 1.31; CI95%: 1.21-1.42). Based on the results, the eight influential factors could be categorized into three domains, including medication-related hypoglycemia, non-modifiable medical conditions, and lifestyle-related hypoglycemia. |
