Polymeric Nanoparticle Formulation, Characterization and Penetration Study for Topical Delivery of Timolol Maleate
Penulis/Author
Muhammad Sulaiman, M.Pharm (1); Prof. Dr.rer.nat. apt. Raden Rara Endang Lukitaningsih, S.Si., M.Si. (2); Dr.rer.nat. Ronny Martien, M.Si. (3); Prof. Dr. Med. dr. Retno Danarti, Sp.KK(K). (4); Prof. Dr. dr. Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo, Sp.KK(K). (5)
Tanggal/Date
7 2025
Kata Kunci/Keyword
Abstrak/Abstract
Infantile hem angioma (IH), while usually not life -threatening, often carries the risk of
com plications and causes anxiety due to changes in appearance. While regarded as an effective therapeutic
choice, tim olol m aleate (TM) is m ostly effective for m ild and superficial lesions due to its lim ited absorption.
The goal of this study was to exam ine the potency of natural polym ers to be utilized as m ain ingredients in
nanoparticle form ulations to be used as a potential alternative for treating IH. The m ajor ingredients chosen
for nanoparticle production were chitosan and acacia gum . Different combinations of polymer concentrations
were exam ined to im prove the characteristics of an optim al form ula. The nanoparticles obtained were
assessed in term s of their physical properties, encapsulation efficiency, and skin perm eation. The resulting
nanoparticles (TMNP) exhibited a spherical m orphology, had diam eters of 175.417 ± 3.144 nm , a PDI of
0.346 ± 0.031 and ZP of 31.95 ± 1.09 m V. An encapsulation efficiency value of 17.42 ± 0.02% was
considerably adequate to prom ote desirable activity towards IH. The nanoparticle exhibited enhanced
penetration of drug com pared to the unencapsulated form. This research is hoped to contribute to the
expanding application of nanoparticle technology, particularly in the treatm ent of infantile hem angioma
utilizing nanoparticles derived from natural sources.
