| Abstrak/Abstract |
This study investigates the effect of ammonium bicarbonate and citric acid as templating agents using spray drying techniques to improve the porosity of D-mannitol powder. It has been shown that textural properties, such as surface area and pore volume produced, are affected by the type and concentration of templating agents, inlet temperature, and outlet temperature of spray drying. The structure of mannitol powder produced changes considerably due to the change in its textural properties to particle powder with high porosity, surface area, and pore volume. The results show that the ratio of D-mannitol to ammonium bicarbonate 10:5 w/w% with water solvent temperature of 30°C, spray drying inlet temperature of 120°C, and spray drying outlet temperature of 70°C, resulting in the highest porosity, surface area, and pore volume. The surface area of mannitol increased by 3 fold, followed by an increase in pore volume by 5.45 fold and pore diameter by 1.52 fold. The results of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) are consistent with the results of the surface area measurement using the Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). The resulting spray-dried mannitol powder with a high specific surface area allows it to be used as an excipient in solid formulations of oral preparations. |
