| Penulis/Author |
Dr. Ar. Ir. Dimas Wihardyanto, S.T., M.T., IAI.,IPM. (1) ; Prof. Ir. Achmad Djunaedi, MURP., Ph.D. (2); Dr.Eng. Ir. Ahmad Sarwadi, M.Eng., IPM. (3); Prof. Ir. Tarcicius Yoyok Wahyu Subroto, M.Eng., Ph.D., IPU. (4); Prof. Ir. Wiendu Nuryanti, M. Arch., Ph.D. (5) |
| Abstrak/Abstract |
Yogyakarta is the capital of the youngest Islamic Mataram kingdom in Java. According to the Jatisari meeting between Sultan Hamengkubuwono I from the Sultanate of Yogyakarta Hadiningrat and Sunan Pakubuwono III from the Sunanate of Surakarta Hadiningrat, it was agreed that Yogyakarta would continue the traditions and culture of the Old Mataram, while Surakarta created new traditions and culture including urban planning and architecture that remained based on the old Mataram. However, the two Islamic Mataram kingdoms were still bound by the agreement number 112 of 1677 carried out by their ancestor Sunan Amangkurat II with the Dutch where one of its contents was to allow the placement of VOC soldiers (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie) in the capital of the Mataram Kingdom at that time, namely Kartasura to protect the kingdom after the Trunojoyo rebellion in
exchange for the surrender of Madura and the Java coast to the VOC. These two things were the beginning of the emergence of Javanese-Dutch coexistence in Yogyakarta. This is a unique phenomena about which very little is known. This study uses an interpretive historical research approach to several block plans processed from the map of the City of Yogyakarta issued by the Dutch Colonial Government to unearth this phenomena. It concludes that the coexistence of Javanese and Dutch in the centre of Yogyakarta City has become the initial spirit and developed rapidly in line with the implementation of several policies in the political and economic fields implemented by the Dutch Colonial Government. In the process of its
development, the centre of the Yogyakarta City was formed by prioritizing an acculturation approach. This can be seen from the continuity of the royal road
as part of the main axis of the city of Yogyakarta and the completeness of the constituent elements of the city centre of Yogyakarta (Catur Gatra) which
became an important consideration where public spaces and buildings built by the Dutch could not interfere with the road. This became an identity that has
been maintained until now. |
