| Penulis/Author |
Apt. Setyowati Triastuti Utami, S.Farm., M.Sc., Ph.D. (1) ; NABILA SYAHIDA P P (2); KHUSNUL AGUSTINA (3); Muhammad B. Prayoga (4); FAIQOH NUR MAULIDIA (5); Dr. Cintya Nurul Apsari, S.T.P., M.Si. (6); Eko Wahyu Putro (7); Aji Nugroho (8); Dr. Kunto Wibowo (9); Syawaludin Alisyahbana Harahap (10); Ira Handayani (11); Gusnaniar N (12); Dr. Djoko Santosa, S.Si., M.Si. (13); Akhirta Atikana (14) |
| Abstrak/Abstract |
Sponges have been recognized as productive producers of novel
bioactive compounds, many of which exhibit antimicrobial properties. Among
these sponges, Aaptos species have demonstrated antimicrobial activity. The
escalating challenges posed by antimicrobial resistance and the prevalence of
infections, particularly among immunocompromised populations, underscore
the urgent need for alternative antimicrobial agents. Thus, exploring marine
secondary metabolites for potential therapeutic applications holds significant
promise. The present research investigates the bioactive compounds' profile
derived from Aaptos sponge specimens collected from Raja Ampat Island,
Indonesia. Extracts from these samples were obtained using ethanol and an
ethyl acetate-methanol solvent. Subsequently, the antibacterial activity of
these extracts was evaluated using a disc diffusion assay. To elucidate the
chemical composition associated with antimicrobial activity, Thin Layer
Chromatography (TLC), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with
Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD), chemometric analysis, and metabolomic
analysis were employed. The antibacterial assay revealed promising activity
against both gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13420 and
Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas
aeruginosa ATCC 9027 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 1388). TLC analysis
indicated the presence of potential alkaloid and terpenoid compounds in the
extracts. However, chemometric analysis did not identify any extracts in the
same quadrant as conventional antibiotics. Nevertheless, metabolomic
analysis detected alkaloids resembling aaptamines. These findings offer new
avenues for research, with the ultimate aim of contributing to developing novel
and efficacious antimicrobial drugs. Moreover, this research adds to the
bioprospecting efforts focused on marine sponges from Indonesia. |
