Features of COVID-19 adult patients and the treatment in Indonesia: a retrospective cohort study
Penulis/Author
dr. Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih, M.Sc., Ph.D (1); dr. Eko Purnomo, Ph.D., Sp.BA.,Subsp.D.A(K) (2); dr. Siswanto, Sp.P(K) (3); Prof. Dr. REVIONO, dr., Sp.P(K) (4); Alfi Yasmina (5); Dr. dr. Muhammad Darwin Prenggono, Sp.PD, KHOM (6); Nanang Miftah Fajari (7); Mohammad Rudiansyah (8); Harsini (9); Dr. dr. Rul Afiyah Syarif, M.Kes. (10); Prof Dr.dr. Eti Nurwening Sholikhah, M.Kes. (11)
Tanggal/Date
30 2022
Kata Kunci/Keyword
Abstrak/Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease that causes clinical symptoms that vary from mild to
severe. As a new disease, there is no standard treatment for the disease. Several drugs are used to treat COVID-19, most of
which were previously used for other diseases, and the efficacy in COVID-19 is not yet known. This study aimed to evaluate
COVID-19 therapy in the early phase of the pandemic.
Methods: In this study, we evaluate data on the characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in several hospitals in
Indonesia from March until December 2020. We also evaluate the therapy given and the results of the therapy.
Results: Most hospitalized patients in this study were mild to moderate COVID-19 patients. The most common combination
therapy was chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine + Azithromycin (79.4%). A small number of patients received chloroquine/
hydroxychloroquine without Azithromycin (9.3%), and only a few did not get chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine therapy
(10.8%). The clinical outcome appeared to be better in the chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin group than in the
other groups. The mortality rate was lower in the chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin group (2.6%) compared to
those in the chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine group (52%) and the group without chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine (38%).
However, the chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin group had better baseline characteristics and received more
additional medications, such as oseltamivir, corticosteroid, and levofloxacin, rather than levofloxacin, the other groups.
Conclusion: Hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Indonesia from March until December 2020 mostly had mild to moderate
COVID-19. Most of them received treatment combinations consisting of chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin.
The most common combination therapy for hospitalized COVID-19 patients was chloroquine/ hydroxychloroquine +
Azithromycin. The clinical symptom improvement was seen mainly in this group.
