| Abstrak/Abstract |
Background
Dietary and medication adherence are essential for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
However, there is no available evident about the link between dietary, medication
adherence and cardiovascular risk among patients with diabetes.
Aim
To explore predictive factors for cardiovascular risk among T2D patients in Indonesia.
Methods
A cross-sectional design was applied in five primary health centres in Indonesia. The
adult T2D patients, who had not mental problems, were recruited between October and
December 2018. Perceived dietary adherence questionnaire and medication adherence
to treatment were use to measure dietary and medication adherence. Cardiovascular
risk level was assessed using WHO/ISH risk prediction chart. All the data were analysed
by Pearson correlation and multiple linear regressions with the significant level, p < 0.05.
Results
Total of 128 respondents completed the questionnaires (age 61.67 ± 8.24 year, females
82%, high school education 46.1%, duration of diabetes 6.18 ± 5.75 year, oral medicine
93.8%, cholesterol level 5.31 ± 1.77 mmol/dl). The score of dietary, oral, and insulin
medication adherence were 32.50 ± 7.98, 37.84 ± 4.19, 38.33 ± 2.42, respectively. The
low cardiovascular risk level dominated the findings (63.3%), followed by moderate
(18.8%), high (12.5%), and very high risk (5.5%). The level of cardiovascular risk was
significantly associated with oral medication adherence (r = 0.278, p < 0.01), age (r =
0.272, p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.446, p < 0.01), and cholesterol level (r =
0.635, p < 0.01). The age (? = 0.162, 95% CI = 0.003-0.033), systolic blood pressure (? =
0.372, 95% CI = 0.012-0.026), cholesterol level (? = 0.521, 95% CI = 0.209-0.339), and
oral medication adherence (? = 0.157, 95% CI = 0.007-0.068) showed substantial
predictors of cardiovascular risk level (R2 = 0.612, F test = 21.884, p < 0.001). The
dietary and insulin medication adherence did not indicate significant results.
Conclusion
The study highlights that the cardiovascular risk level among T2D patients could be
predicted by age, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol level, and oral medication
adherence. |
