| Abstrak/Abstract |
Tuk-Tuk and Sanren F1 are two shallot cultivars that exhibit divergent bulb multiplication traits.
Tuk-Tuk typically produces one bulb. In contrast, Sanren F1 tends to produce multiple bulbs.
This study used metabolomics during bulb development and harvesting. The objective of the
study was to identify the metabolites that might affect the bulb multiplication of shallot. The
initial samples of both cultivars were collected during the bulbs developmental stage i.e, 11
weeks after sowing (WAS), while the second sample was gathered during harvesting stage
(16 WAS). The Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) analysis was applied to freezedried shallot bulbs for metabolomics analysis. Multivariate analysis utilizing Principal
Component Analysis (PCA) followed by Orthogonal Projections Discriminant Analysis (OPLSDA) were conducted using MetaboAnalyst 5.0. The 1H-NMR spectra revealed 28 putative
metabolites. All data, including both cultivars during development and harvesting, was not
clearly separated by PCA. However in the development stage, Sanren F1 was observed to
have higher histidine than Tuk-Tuk, indicating the involvement of histidine kinase signaling
system in the bulb multiplication. Hence, histidine kinase known for its role in the cytokinin
signaling which contributing in the cell division regulation and may affect Sanren F1 bulb
multiplication. Four metabolites i.e., sucrose, arginine, acetic acid, and myricetin were higher
in Tuk-Tuk than Sanren F1, a cultivar tends to produce a single bulb. Valine, phenylalanine,
formic acid, and -linolenic acid were considerably higher in Sanren F1 than Tuk-Tuk during
harvesting. There were also several metabolites with greater relative concentrations than the
others. Though not all of those metabolites significantly differed amongst the examined
cultivars, it was thought that they had an impact on bulb development. It would be of great
interest to ascertain whether metabolites detected in Sanren F1 at higher levels have the
potential to function as chemical markers for distinguishing shallot cultivars that are capable
of producing multiple bulbs. |
