Current Understanding of Epidemiology and Diagnosis Method of Candidemia in Indonesia : a Review
Penulis/Author
Prof. dr. Titik Nuryastuti, M.Si., Ph.D., Sp.MK(K). (1); Ayu Rahayu, S.Si., M.Si. (2); NILA REZHA D R (4)
Tanggal/Date
2024
Kata Kunci/Keyword
Abstrak/Abstract
Candidemia has increased in recent years due to the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and the rise in HIV infection and immunocompromised conditions. C. auris is a problematic pathogen due to its multidrug resistance, rapid global emergence, and high mortality rates. It has become endemic in South Africa and India. C. auris infections have been documented in multiple countries worldwide, with the clinical spectrum ranging from mild to invasive candidiasis due to other species; however, there are no reported cases in Indonesia. Diagnosing common candidemia is crucial for controlling potentially lethal diseases. Blood cultures are considered the most reliable diagnosis method, but their effectiveness in detecting severe candidiasis is below 50%. Molecular techniques have been instrumental in enhancing the diagnosis of causal pathogens, mainly when the pathogen is difficult to culture and identify. C. auris is difficult to identify using conventional biochemical methods, however a molecular method using an internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene sequencing has more accurate identification and separation from another Candida.
