| Abstrak/Abstract |
The seasonal production of shallots causes a rise in its demand in other seasons. Consumers mostly prefer onion cultivars like the 'Super Philip', because of their high productivity, large and round tubers, shiny colors, and less spicy taste. In plant breeding, generally the polyploidy induction through mutagens is a technique often used to produce shallots cultivars of better quality. Bio-Catharantin isolated from the leaves extract of Catharanthus roseus L. is used as a polyploid agent in the plants at the Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, Gadjah Mada University (GMU), Indonesia. The present study aims to determine the effect of Bio-Catharantin induction on the phenotype and chromosomes number resulting in from a shallots onion polyploid. The research was conducted from December 2020 to February 2021 in a greenhouse in Madurejo, Prambanan, and the Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Biology, GMU, Indonesia. The method employed in this research comprising planting the shallots, study of phenotypic characters like plant length and tuber size and weight, and chromosomes number observation using the squash method. The results revealed that Bio-Catharantin had the highest significant phenotypic effect on the average tuber mass. The Bio-Catharantin treated plants i.e., B1 (0.2%) and B2 (0.4%) were significantly different from control (B0). The chromosomes number also increased from 2n (16) to 3n (24), and 4n (32) with B1 and B2 concentrations of Bio-Catharantin, respectively through squash method. |
