| Abstrak/Abstract |
This study is the first report on the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of fungal extracts isolated from marine sponge Dactylospongia sp., which is collected from Mandeh Island, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The isolation of fungal was conducted using dilution method with Sabouraud Dextrose Agar + chloramphenicol (0.05%) as a medium. The pure isolated fungal was cultivated on rice medium at temperature 25°C–27°C and then extracted using ethyl acetate solvent. The ethyl acetate extract of each isolated fungal was tested for antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. Nine fungal strains have been isolated from this sponge. Two ethyl acetate extracts of fungal strains (Dc03 and Dc04) were categorized as having strong inhibition against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a concentration of 5% with zone inhibition in range of 12.31 ± 0.54–16.14 ± 0.75 mm. The cytotoxic activity screening of the ethyl acetate extracts of fungal strains was done by using the brine shrimp lethality test. Four fungal strains had LC50 below 80 ?g/ml (Dc03, Dc04, Dc05, and Dc08) and were further tested with MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay on T47D cell line. These selected fungi were identified molecularly as Cladosporium halotolerans MN859971, Penicillium citrinum MN859968, Aspergillus versicolor MN859970, and Aspergillus sydowii MN859969, respectively. The results suggest that these fungal strains are quite rich in the production of bioactive compounds that are very effective as antibacterial and cytotoxic agents. |
